... enhance the attractiveness of Russian stocks. All of these measures, according to experts, should be implemented in tandem: tax breaks and simplification procedures will be combined with an emphasis on privatization and educational initiatives targeting ... ... requires a stable macroeconomic and regulatory environment. Any disruptions in the implementation of privatization and market reforms could delay market growth. Hence, portfolio investors should maintain a balanced approach, diversifying investments across ...

... a gradual decline in oil and gas revenues, from 11.3 trillion rubles in 2024 to 9.8 trillion rubles in 2027. At the same time, total budget revenues are expected to grow, driven by non-oil and gas revenues. This decline is partly attributed to a tax reform in 2025, including an increase in corporate profit tax from 20% to 25%. While this will bring additional revenue, it also imposes a higher tax burden on oil and gas companies. Additionally, the phaseout of a surcharge on MET for Gazprom and risks ...

... essential. Business Support Policies: The declared course towards improving the investment climate is a signal of potential reforms, reduced bureaucracy, and incentives for the private sector. The goal of entering the top 20 countries for business conditions ... ... that the coming years may bring changes in regulation beneficial to entrepreneurs. Investors should track specific measures (tax breaks, new laws on digital platforms, preferential lending, etc.) that will be adopted in line with these statements. Growth ...

... per ton). Policy Recommendations to Stabilize Prices Sergey Tereshkin, CEO of OPEN OIL MARKET, suggests including AI-95 in damper calculations as a way to curb price growth, potentially coupled with reducing fuel excise taxes. For instance, excise taxes on Euro-5 gasoline are set to rise to 15,755 rubles per ton by 2025, compared to 5,530 rubles in 2015. Currently, 74.9% of excise revenues go to regional budgets and 25.1% to the federal budget. Adjusting the federal share could provide room for reform. Alternatively, restricting diesel exports may temporarily curb gasoline price hikes. However, Gusev warns this approach could harm the oil refining sector by reducing diesel production, which far exceeds domestic consumption. Instead, he advocates ...

... helped stave off a severe economic crisis but significantly expanded the U.S. debt, emphasizing the need for potential structural reforms. Economic and Market Impacts of the Growing U.S. Debt The record-high U.S. debt level has far-reaching effects on the ... ... of national debt unsustainable, spurring discussions among economists and policymakers about possible solutions: Increasing Taxes Raising taxes on corporations and high-income individuals could boost revenue and partially offset the deficit. However,...