... 2021, funds like Tiger Global, Coatue, Temasek, and SoftBank participated in deals totaling $148 billion, while in 2023, they only invested approximately $34 billion, leading to a decrease in the number of new unicorns. Nonetheless, in 2023–2024, corporate and government investors have taken the stage, partly compensating for the decline in late-stage venture capital. This restructuring of the investment landscape means it is crucial for startups to attract funding from diverse sources—ranging from traditional ...

... the regulation of the securities market. American IPO: In the U.S., the regulation of the securities market is enforced by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The SEC imposes strict disclosure requirements, financial reporting scrutiny, and corporate governance standards. Companies going public on U.S. exchanges (such as NASDAQ or NYSE) must provide detailed prospectuses that include a company history, business model, risks, financial results, and future plans. The SEC also actively monitors compliance ...

... buy these bonds, as such a rate is more profitable than a deposit. Consequently, the company (issuer) obtains the necessary funds, while investors receive regular coupons and the nominal amount back by the agreed deadline. An issuer can be not only a corporation or the government but also regional authorities or banks. Meanwhile, the reliability of the issue is largely determined by the reputation and credit rating of the issuer. For instance, OFZs are issued by the Russian government, which guarantees payments on them: ...

... "Pulse of Digitalization" conference, etc.), priority investment areas have been outlined: artificial intelligence, industrial software, cybersecurity, new materials, and space technologies. These sectors are aligned with national projects and government orders, providing direction for corporate venture funds. Results are already apparent: oil and gas companies are financing industrial startups (robotics, digital twins), major IT holdings are launching accelerators for B2B SaaS solutions, and venture divisions of banks are investing ...

... deposit term). Their downsides include the need for term fixation and relatively high inflation, thus yielding modest real returns over a 2-3 year horizon. They are ideal for the 'core' of a portfolio or as a 'safety cushion.' Bonds: Government and Corporate Government Bonds (OFZ) Yield. Federal loan bonds (OFZ) are the most conservative debt instruments. The yield on current OFZ remains high: for example, the OFZ index with a duration of 5–10 years (RGBITR10Y) achieved a historical maximum cumulative yield ...