... a “one lot — one bar” basis in a spot trading environment. Initially, the exchange will offer two types of gold bars: metric bars weighing 1 kg and standard bank bars weighing approximately 12 kg. To facilitate settlements and metal delivery, the ... ... certified depositories. Goznak, historically involved in the production of banknotes and securities, acts as a key partner in this project: it will function as the custodian of the bars and one of the sellers of gold on the exchange. This arrangement ensures ...

... Profitability: Tax Change Effects In the first half of 2025, Gazprom's expenditures decreased, significantly improving profitability metrics. The cost of sales fell by about 10%—to 2.11 trillion rubles (down from 2.35 trillion rubles a year ago). The decline ... ... some cost savings may be linked to the optimization of operational expenses and the reduction of less profitable extraction projects in response to excess extraction capacities. Expenditures in other segments generally did not increase. Costs associated ...