... experience abnormal cold and snowfall. South America – countries like Brazil and Peru face increased risks of landslides and catastrophic flooding. Africa – eastern parts of the continent see a decline in rainfall, which may lead to droughts and food shortages. Europe – the impact of La Niña is less pronounced, but it can sometimes cause abnormal temperature fluctuations and precipitation. When Were Previous La Niña Events and What Were Their Outcomes? 2020–2022 – resulted in severe hurricanes ...

... up imports of LNG from the USA, Qatar, and other major producers. In recent years, countries such as Germany have constructed terminals for receiving LNG, facilitating supply diversification. However, even with increased LNG imports, the risk of gas shortages remains if the winter proves to be harsh. 2. Strengthening Cooperation with Norway and Other European Suppliers Norway currently plays a leading role in gas supplies to Europe, compensating for some of the lost volumes from Russia. However, ...

... Transnistrian GRES power plant, owned by Russia's Inter RAO, is gas-powered and supplies electricity to both Moldova and Transnistria. The plant could switch to coal, with reserves sufficient for 50–60 days depending on weather and output. However, coal shortages could arise, requiring imports via Romania rather than Ukraine. Transitioning entirely to coal could prevent a humanitarian disaster, but household gas consumption for cooking and heating remains irreplaceable. Optimistic Scenario If Ukraine ...

... LNG imports from the U.S., Qatar, and other major producers. Over recent years, countries such as Germany have constructed LNG terminals, facilitating a more diversified supply chain. However, even with increased LNG imports, there remains a risk of shortages should Europe face a particularly harsh winter. 2. Strengthening Partnerships with Norway and Other European Suppliers Norway has become a leading supplier of gas to Europe, offsetting some of the lost Russian volumes. However, dependence on ...

... redirection of supplies is the rise in LNG prices in other regions, such as Asia, where demand for energy resources is also increasing. Seeking to maximize profits, American suppliers prefer to sell gas in regions with higher margins, leading to gas shortages for Europe. Flexible Contracts with No Strict Obligations Many LNG supply contracts contain flexible terms, allowing companies to change the direction of deliveries based on market conditions. This creates vulnerabilities for European countries ...