... ratings like Standard & Poor’s, bonds are classified into "blue chips" and second and third-tier bonds. The issuers of "blue chip" bonds are organizations that significantly influence the economy of a particular country and enjoy government support. Second-tier issuers have a substantial impact on the economy at the regional level and possess a well-known brand with an extensive network of representation. Third-tier issuers are companies that typically carry a heavier debt load and have poor assets. In times of trouble, bonds from these companies can be challenging to sell, yet they offer higher returns. Bonds are also categorized based on the type of income they generate—interest-bearing and discount bonds. For ...

... opinion about the state of the market based on a comprehensive set of metrics – from profitability ratios (P/E, CAPE) to debt indicators, margins, interest rate dynamics, and more. Paying attention to the “mosaic” of data provides a more rounded ... ... even one as authoritative as the Buffett Indicator, cannot capture all nuances. The Role of Politics: Trump’s Position and Government Intervention Market dynamics are influenced not only by economic indicators but also by political factors. In 2025,...

... the spotlight. Major funds and corporations are returning to aggressive investments, initiating new investment programs, while governments across various countries are ramping up support for innovation, striving not to fall behind in the global tech race.... ... Elon Musk’s startup xAI closed a record funding round: around $5 billion was raised in equity and another $5 billion through debt instruments, providing the project with colossal resources to develop its AI platform and data center infrastructure. According ...

... availability of credit and the overall economic situation. How Basis Points are Applied in Practice 1. Impact on Bond Yields: Bond yields can be adjusted by just a few basis points, and this can represent a significant change. For instance, if the yield on government bonds increases from 2.00% to 2.05%, this change amounts to 5 basis points. 2. Spreads and the Yield Curve: Basis points are also used to calculate the yield difference (spread) between debt instruments of varying maturities. For example, if the yield on two-year bonds is 2.70% (270 bps) and that of ten-year bonds is 2.88% (288 bps), the spread equals 18 bps. The spread helps assess how expected short-term asset yields differ from long-term ...

... Elon Musk's xAI project announced the closure of a record funding round—about $5 billion in equity and another $5 billion in debt instruments, providing the startup with colossal resources for developing its AI platform and data center infrastructure.... ... funds from Gulf countries have also ramped up activity: they are pouring billions of dollars into tech projects and launching government mega-programs to develop the startup sector, creating their own tech hubs in the Middle East. Simultaneously, new venture ...