... for a long time: many companies continue to grow after their IPOs and require additional capital. For instance, in large economies such as the US and Europe, public companies regularly conduct follow-on offerings to finance business expansion. During economic upturns, the volume of SPOs increases, while it decreases during crises. In Russia, secondary offerings became possible alongside the development of the securities market in the post-Soviet era. Since the early 1990s, a regulatory framework for ...

... bank transfer across borders. From the perspective of the global financial network, cryptocurrencies create a unified transaction space where the sender and recipient's location does not matter. Moreover, crypto assets stimulate the development of new economic models. For example, through initial coin offerings (ICOs) or token sales, startups can create their projects and raise funding from the community, bypassing traditional venture capital. Token holders of such projects assume the role of early ...

... under favorable conditions, Bitcoin may reach new heights by the year's end — optimistic scenarios place targets in the $150,000–180,000 range (with the boldest estimates reaching $200,000). Of course, volatility remains high, and any significant economic or geopolitical upheavals could trigger price corrections. However, overall, the fundamental backdrop is positive: institutional investors view BTC as the digital equivalent of gold, and many retail traders continue to adhere to the "buy ...

... well as the trust of the broader financial community. Major Investors and Companies in the Crypto Market The growing legitimacy of cryptocurrencies is reinforced by news about the steps taken by renowned corporations and investors in this sphere. Key economic players are increasingly engaging with digital assets, setting a positive tone for the entire market. Below are some notable examples from recent days: Visa announced the expansion of its international payment program using stablecoins. The payment ...

... Russia and the CIS: Local Focus Amidst Global Trends Despite external restrictions, active steps are being taken in Russia and neighboring countries to develop their startup ecosystems while considering global trends. At the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF-2025), a new venture fund was announced by P.S.B. Bank in collaboration with partners—a target of around 12 billion rubles, aimed at supporting dual-use projects (drones, AI, robotics, and other cutting-edge areas). In addition ...