... assessing the overall state of the market. Although it cannot accurately predict the moment of a collapse, it gives investors an important reference point: whether the stock market is too expensive relative to the economy or, on the contrary, offers profitable investment opportunities. With the current value of ~210%, investors should be especially careful, since such high levels have been accompanied by market corrections in the past.

... remained relatively stable, their value in dollars fell sharply due to devaluation. This situation underscored the importance of the RTS index for foreign investors evaluating the Russian market. Where is the RTS index used? By investors: To evaluate the profitability of Russian assets from the perspective of global investors. By stock analysts: To analyze the dynamics of the Russian stock market in the international arena. By international financial organizations: In reports and ratings. The RTS Index ...

... futures to protect against unfavorable price movements. Practical Examples of Successful Strategies During the economic crisis of 2008, investors who timely allocated funds into bonds and gold were able to significantly reduce their losses and even make a profit. During the 2020 pandemic, investors with a diversified portfolio that included technology stocks significantly outperformed the market. How to Build a Portfolio in Times of Uncertainty When constructing a portfolio, investors should consider: ...

... refinery infrastructure and the resulting reduction in gasoline production. Losses incurred by oil producers from refinery downtime, partly due to sanctions on the supply of oil refining equipment, also play a role: in the first half of the year, the profit and loss balance of Russian refineries fell by 21.3% year-on-year to 1.44 trillion rubles," the expert explained. This pushes oil producers to raise wholesale prices, which subsequently affects retail prices. "Therefore, measures to ...

... the crypto market. Unlike most traditional assets, the digital asset market is quite volatile. Prices can suddenly fluctuate in different directions several times a day, either benefiting or harming investors. Thus, just as volatility tends to enhance profitability, it also increases the likelihood of incurring losses. To mitigate such levels of risk exposure, it is advisable to spread funds across a variety of digital assets. This investment strategy reduces the magnitude of losses incurred during ...