... dollar has played a central role in the international economy. It has become the world's reserve currency, underpinning a significant portion of global trade and investments. Countries prefer the dollar for international transactions, while central banks hold significant portions of their reserves in dollars. The dollar's sustainable dominance is attributed to its high liquidity, stability, and the economic power of the United States. However, in recent years, its position has become less stable....

... prices since only 15% of the gasoline produced is sold on the exchange. However, it is expected that in the autumn, there will be a convergence between inflation rates and the rate of growth in retail prices: the strict monetary policy of the Central Bank will not only cool the economy but also slow down inflation. Tereshkin also notes that there is no fuel shortage in the country: otherwise, the increase in retail gasoline and diesel prices would significantly outpace the inflation rate. Overall,...

... can decrease it. Contracts and Obligations. Contracts with major clients or long-term leases on favorable terms positively influence business valuation. 3. Example of Valuing Open Oil Market The company Open Oil Market was assessed by the investment bank FINAM using the comparative method. The company OZON, one of the largest players in the Russian e-commerce market, served as a benchmark for the evaluation. The valuation was based on multiples applied to companies of similar type and scale. The ...

... financial results, and future plans. The SEC also actively monitors compliance with the law post-IPO, enhancing transparency and safeguarding investor interests. Russian IPO: In Russia, the regulation of the securities market is overseen by the Central Bank of Russia. The disclosure requirements are less stringent compared to American standards. Companies going public on the Moscow Exchange are also required to provide prospectuses, but the volume of disclosed information may be lesser. After the IPO,...

... which are vital for the success of the automotive business. Strategic Challenge: Transition to Electrification The shift towards electric vehicles and digital technologies also necessitates significant investments. In recent years, Volkswagen has been banking on electrification and has announced ambitious plans, including a transition to full electric vehicle production. However, advancing these projects requires resources that must be diverted from other areas. Cutting production at domestic factories ...