... Increased Cost of Debt Service An increase in the key interest rate of the Federal Reserve System (FRS) has a significant impact on the cost of servicing the national debt. When the borrowing rate rises, the interest burden increases, and the budget funds allocated to repay the debt become more significant. With rising rates, the cost of paying interest on bonds and other debt instruments increases, which reduces the funds available for other budget programs. As a result, a significant portion of ...

In 2023, RusHydro increased investments to 192.7 billion rubles, allocating funds for the development of hydropower capacities, renewable energy sources and the modernization of energy infrastructure. These investments help strengthen Russia's energy security, develop regions and create new jobs. For investors, the company represents ...

... Underwriters play a key role in organizing an IPO, as they provide a link between the company and investors, help minimize risks, and maximize the capital raised. Underwriters are usually paid a commission, which is a certain percentage of the amount of funds raised. Key Functions of Underwriters in an IPO 1. Valuing the Company and Setting the Share Price Underwriters conduct a thorough valuation of the company to determine its market value and set the initial share price for the IPO. This includes ...

... technical factors. Analysts predict that a strong break above the $125,000 mark could pave the way for further growth to as high as $150,000. Institutional investors are actively increasing their positions in Bitcoin, including through exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Additionally, a recent executive order from the U.S. President allows cryptocurrencies to be included in 401(k) retirement savings plans, expanding demand from both retail and professional participants. The crypto industry is also undergoing ...

... stakes in the charter capital. The process of organizing dividend payouts involves several stages: Preparation. It is essential to ensure that the company has net profits available for dividend payments. If the company reports losses for the period, funds cannot be distributed among owners. Meeting. Management convenes a general meeting of the LLC’s members or the OJSC’s shareholders. All owners must be notified in advance of the meeting’s location and time. Decision and Minutes. At the meeting,...