... is viewed as an important alternative to Western platforms like the London over-the-counter gold market (LBMA) and the COMEX exchange in New York. Following the imposition of sanctions in 2022, the LBMA excluded all Russian refineries from its list of ... ... significantly stimulated the creation of independent infrastructure: as early as 2022, the Russian Ministry of Finance proposed the Moscow World Standard—a new international system for gold trading and certification designed to challenge the dictation of the ...

... safeguarding investor interests. Russian IPO: In Russia, the regulation of the securities market is overseen by the Central Bank of Russia. The disclosure requirements are less stringent compared to American standards. Companies going public on the Moscow Exchange are also required to provide prospectuses, but the volume of disclosed information may be lesser. After the IPO, Russian companies experience less stringent oversight from regulators, which can affect the level of transparency and the availability ...

... stock market began. Some large Russian companies conducted IPOs on foreign exchanges (in the U.S. and Europe), attracting foreign capital. The first IPO in the Russian market took place in 2002 when shares of a Russian company were first listed on the Moscow Exchange. From that moment until 2007, the Russian IPO market grew rapidly: dozens of new issuers emerged in various industries (energy, industry, technology, etc.). During this period, the mechanism of privatizing shares of state enterprises became one ...

... Recall that Donald Trump and Ursula von der Leyen agreed to an unprecedented increase in American energy exports to Europe in exchange for partial tariff reductions on European goods. Over the next three years, the European Union pledged to purchase approximately ... ... the second decade of August. If there is no progress in peace negotiations, the U.S. threatens new stringent sanctions against Moscow. This could target remaining channels for exporting Russian energy resources – further restrictions on the export of ...

... of prospects and risks 1. Exchange status Lenta is a public company, whose shares are available for trading on international and Russian stock exchanges. Ticker and exchanges: The company's shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and the Moscow Exchange (MOEX) under the ticker LENTA. This makes it accessible to both private and institutional investors. Investment attractiveness: Presence on international exchanges ensures the company's transparency, regular publication of financial statements ...