... Russia's tax system supports domestic refiners by compensating part of their expenses for modernization, investments in refining, and fuel supply to the domestic market. This shields Russia somewhat from global trends but intensifies competition for market share. Market Challenges and Opportunities Konstantin Simonov, head of the National Energy Security Fund, cautions against drawing definitive conclusions from short-term data. Diesel has strengths—such as fuel efficiency—but faces strategic challenges,...

... One-room and two-room apartments, country houses, office spaces of varying sizes, and properties located in resort areas are particularly popular among experienced businesspeople. Securities. When a business encounters difficulties, the value of its shares can drop significantly. This is an opportune time to invest. Promising companies typically regain lost ground over time, subsequently driving up the price of their shares. Additionally, a company may pay annual dividends to investors, the amount ...

... methods: Business Angels. This is the most common option that has remained relevant for a long time. This method offers many advantages. Investors not only provide funds but also help the business owner make the project profitable. Experienced businessmen share their connections, introduce the entrepreneur to the right people, offer insights, and, if necessary, guide the borrower in the right direction. Business angels can be found on specialized platforms, where networks and individual investors are represented....

... investment has gained significant popularity as a strategy for capital growth. This approach brings together a specific group of individuals, who may not have known each other before, and can reside in various corners of the world. Investors acquire shares in specific projects and, as a result, receive returns on their investments. In recent years, collective investment with the aim of capital growth has gained significant popularity. This method involves gathering a specific group of individuals,...

... returns of 10-15%, and sometimes even more. However, during the 2008 crisis, entrepreneurs had to abandon this strategy. Investment banks quickly adapted and encouraged investors to channel funds into structured instruments, thus allowing them to own shares of American and European companies. Promised returns were around 2-4% per annum, figures considered quite modest by investors. Consequently, they sought other tools. They were offered investment products characterized by good profitability while ...