... Digitalization and Innovations: Automation of Processes: Introduction of production management and quality control systems. Development of New Steel Grades: Investments in R&D for creating high-strength and lightweight alloys. Impact on Russia: MMK's investments contribute to strengthening Russia's position in the global metallurgy market, enhancing the competitiveness of domestic products. The company's environmental initiatives reduce negative impacts on the environment, improving the ecological situation in the regions where it operates. Infrastructure development and job creation ...

... shares or stakes to a limited number of investors, receiving the financing necessary for further growth, improving financial performance or preparing for an IPO. Pre-IPO plays a key role in forming the company's capitalization, as well as increasing its investment attractiveness and helping to minimize risks before entering the open market. Why do companies need a pre-IPO? Raising capital at the pre-IPO stage provides a number of significant advantages for businesses: Raising capital for development. The funds received at the pre-IPO can be used to expand the business, finance marketing ...

... and weakening demand both within the EU and abroad. Impact on SMEs: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) dependent on exports might be more affected than large corporations, as they have fewer resources to diversify supply chains and explore new markets. Reduced Investment in Innovation: Economic uncertainty often leads companies to cut investments in new products, technologies, and facilities. This could reduce the long-term competitiveness of European companies in the global market. EU’s Strategy: Potential ...

... dollar capital. However, this is a misconception. There are sectors where even those lacking sufficient experience and knowledge can invest. Furthermore, there is no need for millions; a much smaller amount will suffice. This particularly applies to investments in real estate acquisition. Currently, the domestic market is difficult to label as promising. In contrast, the situation abroad is entirely different. With proper investment, an individual can not only ensure a stable income but also obtain a residence permit or even citizenship. For instance, this applies ...

... for goods and services, reflecting the cautious attitude of some regulators. Additionally, cases of hacking and fraud involving digital assets have increased, so cybersecurity issues should be given heightened attention. A prudent diversification of investments and a long-term strategy remain the best approach to protect investors from market turbulence. Conclusions and Prospects The preservation of a bullish trend in the cryptocurrency market and new price records (both for Bitcoin and major altcoins like BNB) indicate that the industry is transitioning to a more mature level. Cryptocurrencies ...