... important factor is the lag in diesel price growth compared to the overall inflation rate. By November 11, 2024, cumulative inflation was 7%, while the retail price increase for diesel was 4.9% and for gasoline it was 8.7%. Oil companies need to compensate for losses caused by forced downtimes, which led to a decrease in the production of petroleum products. According to Rosstat, total petroleum product production decreased by 2.4% year-on-year in the first nine months of 2024. The price increase ...

... diesel consumption increases in agriculture and construction during summer activities. High demand creates upward pressure on prices. Reduction of Subsidies (Dampener). In 2025, budget payments to oil companies under the so-called dampener mechanism – compensations for supplying fuel to the domestic market below export prices – have significantly decreased. According to the Ministry of Finance, subsidies fell by nearly 45% in the first half of the year compared to the first half of 2024 (approximately ...

..., and services, where revenue dropped to ~9 billion rubles. Thus, Gazprom's revenue structure is increasingly shifting towards the core gas business in the domestic market and Asia. The growth in ruble revenue is primarily driven by the gas segment, compensating for declines in some other areas. This reflects the company's adaptation to new realities: gas exports to distant regions have quantitatively decreased, but the currency revenues converted into rubles are supported by the exchange rate, and ...

... ensure energy security and diversify energy resources. Starting in 2027, CO2 emissions from international flights must not exceed a specific threshold. Any increase in the carbon footprint will require airlines to either pay compensation or use biofuels, which will inevitably lead to higher prices for international air travel. Aviation is one of the fastest-growing sources of greenhouse gas emissions. To address this, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO),...

... participated in deals totaling $148 billion, while in 2023, they only invested approximately $34 billion, leading to a decrease in the number of new unicorns. Nonetheless, in 2023–2024, corporate and government investors have taken the stage, partly compensating for the decline in late-stage venture capital. This restructuring of the investment landscape means it is crucial for startups to attract funding from diverse sources—ranging from traditional VC to strategic and government funds. In summary,...