... buyers of Russian gas, besides Europe, are China and Japan, but a significant part of exports is still directed to Europe, especially to countries with developed infrastructure for receiving LNG, such as Spain, Great Britain and the Netherlands. The sanctions imposed by the EU against Russia are gradually reducing the share of Russian gas on the market, but it has not yet been possible to completely abandon it. Technically, Russian companies have powerful production capabilities, and even with sanctions restrictions, supplies ...

... volumes have reached over 600,000 barrels per day. Indian refineries really got a taste for Russian oil only in 2022 when the EU refused to buy it. In just a few months, Russia became the number one supplier to India. Our oil quickly displaced other major ... ... remained small and continues to do so, despite the reported twofold growth in Western media. According to Frolov, after additional sanctions were imposed against the trading fleet transporting Russian oil, logistical issues did arise, but they were temporary....

... meters in 2025–2026 due to structural market factors. Investors and the industry, in general, welcome the accumulation of reserves as it reduces the risks of sharp price surges in winter. However, market participants continue to monitor potential EU decisions regarding further reductions in dependency on Russian gas. Against the backdrop of discussions on new sanctions against Russia, Hungary has already stated that it will seek separate solutions with Russia in the event of a European-wide ban on Russian gas imports—this signal underscores the ongoing divisions within the EU regarding energy security. Fuel ...

... in statements from leaders of these countries — for example, Hungary has indicated that should a ban on Russian gas at the EU level be imposed, it will seek its own solutions directly with Moscow. Such signals highlight the limitations of a unified ... ... within the bloc regarding energy security. Overall, we are witnessing a transformation of global energy trade influenced by sanctions, trade disputes, and strategic decisions by states. Although the current pricing dynamics for oil, gas, and coal are ...

... Bloomberg concluded that these developments would significantly impact tax revenues for Russia. If we take these claims at face value, the picture appears grim. However, it is essential to approach this information with caution. The U.S. and the EU have created numerous obstacles for Russia's financial and banking sectors, industry, IT, and gas sectors (e.g., bans on LNG technology supplies and sanctions against Arctic LNG). However, their efforts to curb Russian oil exports have faced challenges from the start. Perhaps initial decisions were made hastily, making them difficult to reverse. This doesn’t mean the measures were painless for Russian ...