... low-income groups of the population require significant expenditures. These expenses, being important for ensuring social stability, constitute a significant part of the annual US budget. Defense spending: The United States spends heavily on national security and defense, maintaining a military presence in the international arena. Defense spending constitutes a large part of the budget and is a significant factor in increasing the debt burden. Infrastructure and economic support: Investments in roads,...

... placement of shares of Sovcomflot in 2020, where a consortium of underwriters also participated, including both international and Russian players, such as Gazprombank, Sberbank CIB, and VTB Capital. Thanks to working with the consortium, it was possible to secure significant interest from institutional and private investors, which contributed to the success of the IPO. Underwriters play a key role in organizing an IPO, ensuring a successful placement of shares, establishing a fair price and attracting investors....

... cryptographic aggregators, replacing them with a simplified finality rule. For instance, a "3-slot finalization" mechanism is proposed, which reduces the consensus specification to approximately 200 lines of code while maintaining a high level of security. At the same time, Buterin proposes to eliminate the EVM—a cumbersome 256-bit virtual machine—and replace it with a simpler VM, such as RISC-V. The RISC-V architecture, already utilized for ZK unifications within Ethereum, would allow smart ...

... capital into this altcoin. XRP Rises After Ending Dispute with SEC The XRP token (associated with Ripple) exhibited outstanding dynamics last week due to positive news from the legal front. The long-standing court battle between Ripple and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has officially ended, with both parties abandoning further appeals. Thus, the 2023 court ruling recognizing XRP as a non-security in secondary market sales stands firm. This precedent has eliminated significant ...

... Rulings. A key driver of XRP's growth in 2024–2025 has been the long-awaited clarity regarding the token's legal status. In July 2023, a U.S. federal court (SEC vs. Ripple case) made a landmark ruling: the token XRP does not, by itself, constitute a security. The court ruled that XRP is not an investment contract under the Howey criteria, although certain methods of selling the token may have violated securities laws. This verdict eliminated significant legal uncertainty that had pressured XRP’s ...