... conflict: it justifies existing power structures (the military’s special role), ensures a flow of resources into the defense sector, and distracts the population from problems for which elites are responsible. Pakistani generals traditionally enjoy huge ... ... escalation, new military projects are announced by both countries. For instance, following the 2019 crisis, India rapidly procured Russian S-400 air defense systems, French precision missiles, and accelerated the outfitting of its air force with modern fighters....

... and cause fluctuations in the currency markets. For Russia, this could be an opportunity to strengthen its international economic ties and reduce dependence on the dollar in trade relations. A weakening US currency could also have a positive effect on Russian export revenues, especially in the commodity sector. Other countries, especially those that hold significant dollar reserves, could also feel the effects of Trump's new measures. For example, China, as one of the largest holders of US debt, may reconsider its policy if there is a risk of a sharp ...