... about the company’s ownership and structure. Growth Potential: Evidence of past success and realistic development plans. Good Reputation: No unresolved legal disputes, unfulfilled contracts, or public scandals. Formal Requirements for Entering the Market: Revenue exceeding 150 million rubles. Financial stability over recent years. No negative credit history. Absence of ongoing lawsuits that could impact business operations. Positive assessment of the company’s investment attractiveness based on financial metrics like NPV, IRR, and ROI....

... spreading investments across different assets, which reduces the risk of losses and ensures more stable returns. For Russian investors, diversification is particularly relevant: economic fluctuations and changes in the political environment can impact financial markets. In this article, I will explain how to diversify your portfolio to enhance its resilience and minimize risks. 1. Understand Your Goals and Risk Profile Before you start diversifying, define your financial goals and your acceptable level of risk....

... create overly optimistic projections. It is crucial to conduct independent calculations to assess prospects and determine when invested funds will be recouped. If lacking the necessary knowledge, hiring a competent specialist is recommended to avoid financial losses and disappointment. Falling for fraud. The market is filled with companies and individuals seeking investments. It is vital to differentiate legitimate investment opportunities from scams, financial pyramids, etc. There are ways to profit from so-called hype projects; however, this requires being ...

... Russian Realities Few individuals research the market and conduct necessary calculations before placing money in a deposit. The reality of the Russian financial landscape is far removed from the rosy pictures painted by imagination or advertised by financial institutions. To understand the state of the deposit market, several factors must be considered: Reliability. When investing money in a commercial bank, there is a risk of complete loss of funds. In recent years, several dozen financial structures have declared bankruptcy, and this trend continues. Therefore,...

... Market risk. The price of a bond on the exchange constantly fluctuates due to overall interest rate movements. If rates rise, bond prices fall. However, if the bond is held to maturity, the investor will still receive the full nominal amount, even if the market price has decreased. Default risk. This is the situation when the issuer cannot pay the coupon or the nominal amount. Defaults do not usually happen suddenly; investors learn about financial troubles in advance, and the bonds decrease in value. If default is declared, investors may lose their entire investment. Liquidity risk. If there are few buyers and sellers for a bond, it may not be possible to sell it at a favorable price....