... Currency fluctuations. In an unstable economy, currency exchange rates can undergo significant changes. For investors operating in international markets, this scenario can create both risks and opportunities, such as hedging against currency risks. Political ... ... fluctuations in one asset type. Investing in different geographic regions. Allocating assets across countries helps reduce risk related to political and economic instability in any single country. Using hedging instruments. These may include derivatives ...

... standard 30%, lowering labor costs. Exemption from property tax and land tax. This exemption allows companies to reduce expenses related to property and land ownership. The company Open Oil Market is a Skolkovo resident and fully utilizes the aforementioned ... ... Incentives for Foreign Investors Russia provides special tax conditions for foreign investors, making the country attractive for international capital: Preferential conditions for investment projects. Foreign companies participating in significant investment ...

... at 1170 gigawatts. For the Russian coal industry, this means the need to find new markets and address logistical problems related to the limited capacity of the Trans-Siberian Railway (Transsib) and the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM). Experts note that ... ... China is the world's largest coal importer, with a global share of 29% in 2023, and no other country currently has a comparable internal market. On the other hand, neighboring India is also focusing on developing 'clean' energy: Prime Minister Modi has repeatedly ...

... hybrids in global passenger car sales was 18%, and in China, the leading country in the industry, it was 38%, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). At the same time, the abolition of subsidies for electric vehicle purchases in China and Europe ... ... alternatives to lithium-ion batteries—are contributing to the slowdown of the "lithium rush," in which Russia plays a relatively minor role. Currently, Russia does not mine lithium raw materials; the country imports raw materials for "first-stage ...

... gasoline, represent a vast market. For instance, they account for about 30% of the total trade turnover on the St. Petersburg International Mercantile Exchange (SPIMEX). We estimate the market’s annual volume at 6 trillion rubles, with about half traded ... ... companies attract funding today? We chose a pre-IPO model, raising funds from private investors through VTB Registrar. It’s a relatively new tool in Russia but has proven effective. This allows anyone to become a shareholder with minimal registration and ...