... article, I, Sergey Tereshkin, will explain what Pre-IPO and IPO are, their distinctions, and the advantages and risks associated with participating in each of these stages. A detailed understanding of these processes will empower you to make more informed investment decisions. What is Pre-IPO? Pre-IPO (preliminary public offering) is the stage preceding an initial public offering (IPO). At this stage, a company raises funds from private investors to prepare for its entry into the public market. The primary goal of Pre-IPO is to strengthen the company's financial position, enhance its capitalization, and minimize risks associated with the IPO. During the Pre-IPO stage, shares ...

... of IPOs. Access to experienced sponsors and investors SPACs are often initiated by sponsors with industry expertise, allowing private companies to leverage knowledge and connections for future growth. Disadvantages and Risks Associated with SPAC High merger ... ... expedited, transactions via SPAC can incur significant costs, such as sponsor payouts and legal expenses. Risks for investors Investing in SPACs comes with a high degree of uncertainty, as at the time of purchasing shares, investors do not know which company ...

... (cloud cybersecurity) raised $359 million (valuation ~ $4.8 billion). US fintech startup Ramp (a service for managing corporate expenses) secured $500 million in investments (capitalization rose to about $22.5 billion). The Juniper Square platform (US, investment management software for private markets) attracted $130 million (valuation ~ $1.1 billion). Content creator service Substack (US) received $100 million (valuation ~ $1.1 billion). Collectively, these and other recent deals have sharply increased valuations for many companies....

... (SPIEF-2025), a new venture fund from PSB Bank was announced in partnership with others — targeting around 12 billion rubles, funds are planned to support dual-use projects (drones, AI, robotics, and other advanced areas). In addition to state institutions, private players are becoming active: for example, the venture firm Kama Flow has launched a new fund of 10 billion rubles for investments in mature startups. Even under sanctions, the market is seeking opportunities to finance priority technologies and aims to cultivate its own successful "unicorns." Concurrently, some regional startups are reaching new heights. For ...

... Networks (cloud cybersecurity) raised $359 million (valuation ~ $4.8 billion). The fintech startup Ramp (USA, corporate expense management service) secured $500 million (valuation increased to approximately $22.5 billion). The platform Juniper Square (USA, investment management software for private markets) raised $130 million (valuation ~ $1.1 billion). The content creator service Substack (USA) secured $100 million (valuation ~ $1.1 billion). Collectively, these and other recent deals have sharply increased the valuations of numerous companies....