... tools that allow promising financial products to reach the market more quickly—such as regulatory “sandboxes” for testing new services. This will allow innovative products to get to consumers without lengthy approvals, while still maintaining investor protection measures. Clear Rules for Banks. Regulators must clarify what cryptocurrency and stablecoin transactions are permitted for commercial banks. It is also recommended to establish a transparent process for issuing banking licenses to crypto industry ...

... be sent directly from the sender to the receiver without the involvement of banks. For example, using Bitcoin, money can be quickly transferred abroad, bypassing high bank fees. Additionally, cryptocurrencies are used for capital preservation: some investors view them as "digital gold" and invest funds to protect against inflation. Another use case is investing in cryptocurrency for profit. Various approaches are possible here. Some prefer trading, attempting to capitalize on short-term price fluctuations. Others bet on the long-term growth of leading ...

... Example: An investor buys a put option on oil with a strike price of $80, expecting it to fall to $60. If the price falls, he can sell the oil at $80 and make a profit of $20 per barrel (excluding the premium). 2. Hedging Risks Options are often used to protect a portfolio from adverse price changes. This is especially important for long-term investors and companies exposed to market risk. Put Option Example: An investor who owns a stock might buy a put option to hedge against a fall in the stock's price. If the stock's price falls, the loss from the fall is offset by the gain from the option....

... ties up funds for the long term. 5% – Bank deposits. A reserved portion of the portfolio for liquidity and guaranteed income (up to 15–20% per annum) without market risks. This distribution combines dynamic growth (stocks and bonds) with capital protection (government bonds, deposits, gold). A more aggressive investor may increase the share of stocks, while a conservative investor may raise the share of bonds and ruble deposits. Long-term investments of one million rubles require diversification and careful risk management. The main ideas: combine instruments ...

... Gazprom, and Norilsk Nickel, could be appealing for investments. Focus on High-Yield Bonds: Given the current key rate, the Russian Ministry of Finance issues federal loan bonds (OFZ) with attractive yields, which can be a good option for conservative investors. Such bonds may serve as a protective instrument against inflation. Diversification and Defensive Assets: Investors should consider allocations in defensive assets like gold and real estate. These assets can help safeguard capital against inflationary risks and potential currency ...