... positively perceived by investors and industrial consumers. Market participants are closely monitoring further steps by the EU to strengthen energy security—including discussions on new storage filling regulations and potential restrictions on Russian gas imports. Global Agreements and Policy: Trade Thaw vs. Sanction Pressure The international agenda intertwines two opposing trends: on one hand, the de-escalation of trade conflicts between major economies, and on the other hand, the escalation of geopolitical ...

... Routes: The Nord Stream pipeline has been rendered inoperable following the sabotage in 2022, and the Yamal – Europe route is not utilized due to sanction disagreements between Russia and the West. Record LNG Imports: The share of liquefied natural gas in the EU's imports has risen to an all-time high. European LNG receiving terminals are operating at high utilization, replacing lost volumes of pipeline gas. Overall, the current situation in the European gas market evokes cautious optimism: the threat of fuel shortages ...

... countries only through one of the branches of the "Turkish Stream." Most of these volumes—around 10–11 billion cubic meters annually—are directed to Slovakia and Hungary. As long these countries actively defend their right to continue importing Russian gas, it is likely that they will receive exemptions from the embargo on these resources. “In this context, the base scenario forecasts a potential reduction of Russian pipeline exports to the EU by 2–3 billion cubic meters directed to countries outside ...

... perceived by investors and industrial consumers. Meanwhile, market participants are closely monitoring the EU's further steps to strengthen energy security, including discussions about new targets for storage filling and potential restrictions on Russian gas imports. Global Agreements and Policy: Trade De-escalation vs Sanction Pressure In the international arena, two opposing trends are notably interwoven: de-escalation of trade conflicts between major economies and increasing geopolitical rhetoric. On one ...

... India's key priority is ensuring affordable energy costs for the population and its economy. Purchasing Russian oil helps to curb rising fuel prices in the domestic market. The West Itself Traded with Russia: New Delhi reminds that EU countries still import gas, petrochemical products, fertilizers, and other resources from Russia, while the U.S. purchases specific categories of Russian goods (e.g., nuclear materials). This undermines the demand to fully refrain from trade with Russia. Unfair Criticism: Indian ...