... invest in a startup not for the sake of dividends (young companies rarely pay profits to shareholders, preferring to reinvest funds in growth), but expect to make a profit when exiting the deal. Exit is the moment when an investor sells his share and fixes the income. For a startup, the exit of investors often coincides with the transition to a new stage - for example, acquisition by a corporate company or entering the public market. The main ways to monetize venture investments are the following: IPO (Initial ...

... have long-term growth prospects. Their stocks may not provide extraordinary returns, but they offer reliable income and are often more resilient during crisis periods. 5. Consider Bonds as a Low-Risk Instrument Bonds are debt instruments that provide fixed income with minimal risks. In Russia, government bonds (OFZ), corporate bonds, and municipal papers are available. For stable income, choose high-rated bonds with minimal risks, such as government OFZs, which are typically less susceptible to market fluctuations....

... specific bond issue, several important parameters must be considered. First and foremost is yield. There is current yield, which indicates the percentage you will receive in a year from the invested amount, and there is yield to maturity—the annual income if you hold the bond to the date of nominal return. It is also worth looking at the size of the coupon (fixed percentage in rubles) and the frequency of payments (every 91, 182 days, or annually), as well as the nominal value—the amount the investor will receive upon maturity. Another important factor is the term to maturity: longer terms usually provide ...

... dates, and the nominal values can also differ substantially. They can be either fixed or indexed. OFZ coupons may be either fixed or variable. Auction Conduct The auction for securities trading is similar to any other type of trading. The trading mechanism ... ... Investors Participate in Auctions? Any investor can participate in the auction. This offers a great opportunity to secure additional income. To gain access to trades, one must contact an investment company or a banking institution acting as a broker. However,...

... advisor acts in the client's best interest and does not receive undisclosed commissions from third parties for selling specific financial products. 3. Transparency of Working Conditions and Fees Financial advisors can be compensated in various ways: fixed fees for services, commissions based on assets under management, or a percentage of the income you receive. To avoid unexpected expenses, it is crucial to discuss all financial conditions in advance: Clear Compensation Terms. Find out how the advisor is compensated and what fees may arise. Prefer those who offer fixed fees or transparent ...