... predictable returns, cash flow adjustment, and risk reduction. With predictable returns, one can easily ascertain the amount of funds that will be received. Furthermore, there is no necessity to preemptively strategize or extend scenarios in the stock market. Bondholders will possess bonds with both short and long maturities, which aids in minimizing the risks associated with a decline in returns from the chosen strategy. The risk of default is also mitigated by purchasing various types of securities. However, it is crucial to recognize ...

... be advantageous if the investor is willing to commit to long-term investments and believes in the growth potential of the companies. Bonds Bonds are more stable assets compared to stocks, but their yields depend on current interest rates. In unstable market conditions, it is advisable to consider the following types of bonds: Government bonds. Government bonds, especially from high credit-rating countries, are considered the safest assets. During a crisis, their demand typically increases, leading to lower yields. Corporate bonds. While they offer higher yields compared ...

... assets either barely drop during tough periods or may even tend to rise when the rest of the market is unstable. Classic defensive instruments traditionally include gold and highly reliable bonds (primarily government bonds). For instance, during a stock market crash, bonds typically experience minimal price drops. They can be sold without incurring significant losses, allowing the freed-up capital to be directed towards purchasing undervalued stocks, thus effectively reallocating capital. Gold often increases in value ...

... strategies for preserving capital and minimizing risks. Recommendations: Explore available alternatives —bonds, gold, real estate, pre-IPO—and choose those that align with your financial goals. Assess risks and returns: more conservative options, such as bonds and gold, are suitable for those wanting to protect their savings, while pre-IPO investments can offer significant growth. Think in terms of long-term prospects: short-term market fluctuations should not distract you from the main goal—preserving and growing your capital.

... exceeding 7–10%. Investing in foreign stocks and funds can help reduce the portfolio's dependence on the Russian market situation. Mutual Investment Funds (PIFs, ETFs). PIFs and ETFs allow for collective investment in diversified portfolios of stocks or bonds. Ruble-denominated funds track indices of Russian or global markets, while some ETFs invest in gold or oil. Returns of such funds are close to market rates, and taxes are paid at the same 13% rate upon withdrawal. An advantage of ETFs is that they can be bought like stocks through a brokerage account. Other Assets ...