... were somewhat effective, but Russia adapted quickly by changing ship owners and flags. Konstantin Simonov, head of the National Energy Security Fund, acknowledges that costs for Russian companies have risen, but the market has mitigated attempts at regulation. He believes sanctions will continue to tighten regardless of the U.S. administration. The U.S.’s strategic goal is to push Russia out of the hydrocarbons market, though this is currently impossible and risky, even for America. The focus ...

... fuel, it was 8,541 rubles per ton. Accordingly, the increase in their rates by 2024 has amounted to 22%. The expert explains that the link to the tax maneuver is not accidental. In the mid-2010s, when the maneuver was still being discussed between regulators and industry participants, the increase in the mineral extraction tax on oil and the elimination of export duties were planned to be supplemented by a reduction in excise taxes to offset the cancellation of indirect subsidies to the oil refining ...

... sold profitably when needed, allowing investors to recover their initial investment. The land can also be used as collateral for bank loans. Sales to the government. Various government bodies purchase agricultural products. This allows the state to regulate prices through the establishment of special funds. Profiting from agriculture can be achieved in various ways. An investor can inject funds into a company specializing in livestock breeding, crop cultivation, etc. Alternatively, they can engage ...

... market share. Intensified Competition in China: The Chinese market, where German brands have traditionally held strong positions, is under intense pressure from local EV manufacturers like BYD and Nio, who are rapidly gaining market share. Environmental Regulations and the Shift to EVs: Stringent environmental standards and the transition to electric vehicles demand extensive investment. This technological shift adds financial strain for traditional automakers, who must overhaul their production processes....

... the currency market. What will this give the Central Bank? The Central Bank will be able to more flexibly manage processes in the foreign exchange market, having its own platform for controlling currency flows. Now the bank will be able not only to regulate supply and demand in the Russian market, but also to control exchange quotations of currencies, which increases market transparency and protection from external pressure. In addition, the purchase of SPBV will give the Central Bank: Tools for ...