... transportation costs. In practice, however, the revenue used to calculate AIT liabilities is determined based on a fixed discount to Brent prices in global markets. This provides the Ministry of Finance with relatively predictable budget revenues while offering oil companies a more flexible taxation system than MET. Notably, the share of AIT in taxable oil production reached 52%, as cited by Alexander Novak in an April article for the journal Energy Policy. Gas Exports Revenue growth, although less significant,...

... energy raw materials in specialized rolling stock has a higher priority than the transportation of coal in hopper cars. Thus, oil product shippers will only face losses if the government once again grants preferential conditions to coal shippers. However,... ... Eastern Polygon." REFERENCE: The non-discriminatory access rules for railway infrastructure ensure equal access for all companies to transportation services. The existing order prioritizes special, repair, passenger, postal, and international transport ...

... concerns and prompt the Central Bank to consider tightening policies. U.S. crude oil inventory data from the EIA will influence oil prices, affecting energy stocks and currencies like the ruble. Thursday, November 14 Australia — Unemployment Rate (October) ... ... and equity indices, with confirmation of growth providing support for European stocks. In Russia, financial reports from major companies will reveal their economic health, influencing their share prices and investor interest. Friday, November 15 Japan — ...

... industrial growth. An increase in orders would positively impact GDP expectations. 18:30 MSK: USA - EIA Oil Inventories Inventory data will influence global oil prices. A decrease in inventories typically supports price increases, benefiting Russian oil companies. 21:45 MSK: USA - Speech by Fed Chair Powell Markets will await comments on monetary policy prospects. Signals about further rate hikes could strengthen the dollar. 22:00 MSK: USA - Publication of Fed's Beige Book This report reflects current ...

... of Transparency How does the process of buying and selling petroleum products look today for the end B2B consumer in small wholesale (e.g., an agricultural or construction company)? Let me simplify the chain of interactions: Fuel is produced at oil refineries (refineries) and then sold through the St. Petersburg Commodity Exchange at the lowest market price. Large companies (e.g., Russian Railways) that use petroleum products for their own needs are among the buyers, as are large traders who purchase volumes for resale. The large traders then add their markup and sell the products to smaller intermediaries, ...