... long-term investments in stocks and bonds: one can either receive a tax rebate or freely reinvest profits without income tax. Non-State Pension Provision (NPO). A new type of pension product that allows for contributions and receiving a 13% tax deduction (limits vary; for example, the total limit for privileged contributions in 2025 is 400,000 rubles for IIS, NPO, and other programs). NPO is similar to contributions to pension funds: funds are invested until retirement. Returns on NPO are approximately ...

... Caspian Sea to deliver up to 110 billion cubic meters of Russian gas annually to Iran and further to South Asian and Middle Eastern markets. “South Asia and the Middle East are markets with untapped demand. Gas consumption in these regions is often limited by supply constraints,” Gromov notes. “This effectively involves creating a ‘Caspian Stream’ system to replace the Nord Streams. However, this project can only be realized if Azerbaijan or Turkmenistan agree to the pipeline’s construction ...

... an excessively large share of investments; a balanced portfolio will mitigate the impact of potential drawdowns in individual assets. Risk Management. Only invest in cryptocurrencies with funds that one can afford to lose. It is essential to set loss limits and refrain from succumbing to emotions during market fluctuations. Informed Decisions. Continuously monitor fundamental events: news about regulations, technological updates to blockchain platforms, and the launch of new products. Current information ...

... traditional business, what stages does a startup have, and much more. A startup (from the English start up "to launch") is a temporary organization aimed at finding a new business model. Unlike a classic project, it develops very quickly and is not limited to opening points in one region or even country. If a startup "takes off", it quickly brings good financial results. At the same time, the created model forms the basis for the creation of a large corporation.

... defaults in the market is increasing, leading to additional derivative lawsuits against controlling persons. This creates a negative backdrop: buyers are wary of acquiring companies with troubled balance sheets. All these factors collectively significantly limit the number of new M&A transactions and make the exit strategy for deals riskier for investors. Regulation and Restrictions The tightening of state control over transactions has become a separate pressing factor. In addition to the aforementioned ...