... gas-powered freight transport could significantly reduce the need for oil. He also emphasized that the savings on oil achieved through electric cars could be comparable to the current volume of maritime oil shipments from Russia. Moreover, potential easing of sanctions could affect the structure of oil supplies to China. Electrification and gasification of transportation will restrain oil demand in China, with electrification becoming the decisive factor in the long term. This opinion was shared on November ...

... series of underground nuclear explosions (Operation Shakti), officially declaring itself a nuclear power. A few weeks later, Pakistan responded with its tests (Operation Chagai), demonstrating its own nuclear arsenal. The international community imposed sanctions on both nations, condemning the arms race. However, both inside India and Pakistan, these actions were met with a surge of national pride. From that moment on, any future conflicts between the two countries became potentially nuclear dangerous,...

.... Electrification and environmental initiatives Investments in projects to electrify railways and reduce the carbon footprint are increasing. This is in line with global environmental trends and makes RZD more resilient to possible external economic sanctions. Investments in innovation, including digitalization and automation, improve transportation management, reduce operating costs and increase safety. Passenger Infrastructure Development Significant funds are allocated for the development of high-speed ...

... invest in modernizing the refineries. In the first half of 2024, the investment surcharge accounted for 6% of subsidies to refineries, including the damping and reverse excise (105.8 billion rubles out of 1899 billion rubles). The problem is that sanctions on equipment supplies for ORFs have significantly complicated the modernization of Russian oil refining. Therefore, extending the investment surcharge means prolonging subsidies. At the same time, according to the expert, the measures mentioned ...

... investment plans. It is also essential to consider the impact of new legislative initiatives, such as the income tax on deposits, which may alter depositors' preferences and encourage the search for alternative investment tools. Sectors less susceptible to sanctions and volatility, such as IT, healthcare, and the domestic consumer market, may represent opportunities for portfolio diversification. Additionally, investors are advised to focus on export-oriented companies that can adapt to the new economic ...