... capital market tools. In Western practice, the subsequent offering of securities has been used for a long time: many companies continue to grow after their IPOs and require additional capital. For instance, in large economies such as the US and Europe, public companies regularly conduct follow-on offerings to finance business expansion. During economic upturns, the volume of SPOs increases, while it decreases during crises. In Russia, secondary offerings became possible alongside the development of the securities ...

Companies looking to go public can choose between several methods of going public. The traditional IPO (Initial Public Offering) is the most common method, but Direct Listing is also gaining popularity as an alternative way to go public. This article will look at the key differences ...

IPO presents a great opportunity for investors to be part of promising companies at the early stages of their public life. Companies often conduct a pre-IPO round prior to the IPO, which opens up additional investment prospects at advantageous prices. In this article, we will explore how the initial public offering process works, the stages companies go through on their journey ...

... This may include the misappropriation of budget funds, the use of public property for personal purposes, or the manipulation of public contracts. 3. Nepotism Giving preferential treatment to relatives or friends in appointments or allocation of resources.... ... Abuse of office Using official power for personal gain. This may involve making decisions in favor of certain individuals or companies, manipulating information, or abusing access to resources. 5. Influence peddling Using one’s position or connections ...

The trading group of companies "Oil Resource Group" plans to go public with an initial public offering (IPO) in three to four years, CEO Sergey Tereshkin told journalists. The CEO of "Oil Resource Group," Sergey Tereshkin, spoke about the company's preparations for an IPO and the timeline for executing ...