... In international affairs, a significant recent development has been the U.S.-EU trade and energy deal, accompanying enhanced sanctions pressures on Russia. Washington and Brussels have crafted agreements aimed at preventing a new trade war: mutual understanding ... ... of energy resources from the U.S. to Europe has been achieved. The energy component of the agreement benefits both sides: the EU gains additional guarantees for gas and oil supplies, while the U.S. expands its markets and attracts capital as exports grow....

... may again increase volatility. Record-high storage volumes reduce the likelihood of sharp price spikes this winter, which is positively perceived by investors and industrial consumers. Market participants are closely monitoring further steps by the EU to strengthen energy security—including discussions on new storage filling regulations and potential restrictions on Russian gas imports. Global Agreements and Policy: Trade Thaw vs. Sanction Pressure The international agenda intertwines two opposing trends: on one hand, the de-escalation of trade conflicts between major economies, and on the other hand, the escalation of geopolitical rhetoric. A key event in recent days was the trade-energy ...

... gradually decreasing. In Europe , the pricing situation for motor fuel is more neutral. After the turbulence of 2022–2023, when sanctions and logistics restructuring led to price spikes, the European gasoline and diesel market stabilized in 2025. Wholesale ... ... aided by relatively inexpensive oil ($70 compared to over $100 a year ago) and the redirection of petroleum product imports (the EU has established diesel supplies from the Middle East, Asia, and the US instead of Russian sources). Gas stations in the EU ...

... consumption in the EU: The shift toward "green energy" has become a priority for many countries in the bloc. Increase in U.S. LNG: The U.S. has actively taken Russia's place by providing alternative sources of gas to European countries. In 2024, the EU continued to purchase Russian LNG at a volume of 21 billion cubic meters; however, these supplies are under significant risk due to potential new sanctions. Among the few remaining partners of Gazprom in Europe, Hungary remains significant. The Role of the U.S.: Strategic Dominance in the Gas Market The U.S. decision to push Russia out of the European gas market began to be realized during Donald ...

... Qatar. Major markets for Russian LNG, aside from Europe, include China and Japan, though a significant portion continues to flow into European countries with advanced LNG infrastructure, such as Spain, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. While EU sanctions have reduced the presence of Russian LNG, total elimination remains challenging. Russian companies possess substantial production capacity, and despite restrictions, exports persist. Technical and Economic Challenges of Replacing Russian LNG ...