... explore why banks are forced to restrict access to credit, how this affects the economy, and what prospects the market holds in the coming months. Why Are Banks Reducing Credit Card Issuance? High Interest Rates The Central Bank of Russia maintains a high key interest rate to curb inflation. High rates directly impact the cost of borrowing, increasing consumers' debt servicing expenses. Consequently, banks become more cautious, as high rates can negatively affect clients' payment capacities and heighten the risks of ...

... significant pressure. Outlook for Major Economies United States: GDP Growth: 2.0% in 2025 (down from 2.7% in 2024). Inflation: 2.6% in 2025. Policy: Ongoing tax cuts and encouragement of domestic investments. Eurozone: GDP Growth: 0.9%. Continued easing of rates by the European Central Bank is anticipated to support the economy, although it will not mitigate the impacts of American tariffs. China: GDP Growth: 4.0% (down from 4.6% in 2024). Key Challenges: New U.S. tariffs, weak domestic demand, and ineffectiveness of economic stimulants. Mexico: GDP Growth: 1.3%. High dependence on U.S. exports and limited monetary and fiscal policy space could lead the country into a recession. India: ...

... Federal Reserve, in its July 30 meeting, maintained the rate (4.25%–4.50%) and indicated that rate cuts might be possible by the end of 2025 as inflation in the US gradually slows down. The Bank of England went further: on August 7, it lowered its key interest rate by 0.25 percentage points (to 4.0% per annum) for the first time in several years in response to clear signs of economic cooling and weakening inflation in Britain. These moves signal that the global tightening cycle has come to an end. Such steps ...

... participants and machinery compete for a limited number of new blocks. For individual companies, this means the necessity to scale up their own capacities to maintain market share and Bitcoin output. Mining Difficulty at New Heights In tandem with the hash rate, another key indicator—mining difficulty—has also reached record levels. In July, network difficulty increased by another 9%, and compared to the period before the April halving, this parameter surged by approximately 48%. Mining difficulty reflects how hard ...

... market and a decrease in risk appetite for local assets can be expected. The Central Bank of the Russian Federation published analytical materials earlier this week indicating a slowdown in inflation in July, signaling a possible pause in raising the key interest rate. This supports interest in bonds: OFZ yields continued to decline, and the state bond index RGBI stabilized near local maxima. Thus, several narratives are intertwining in the Russian market today — corporate results, dividend expectations, and ...