... (proof that a multi-ethnic and multi-religious state can encompass a region with a Muslim majority). The revocation of Kashmir's special status by India in 2019 and subsequent measures (strict control from Delhi, changes in demographic and administrative policies) have heightened discontent among some local populations. Armed groups with separatist and Islamist inclinations continue to operate in the region, some of which have refuge or support on Pakistani territory. Pakistan officially declares moral ...

In the first half of 2025, Gazprom has significantly reduced its losses, reflecting positive changes in the company’s financial reporting according to RAS. The net loss decreased 45 times compared to the same period last year, indicating a return to a more stable financial condition. Key success factors included an increase in gas export volumes and growth in other revenues, particularly from supplies to China. Additionally, the expansion of the tax base and optimization of deferred taxes played...

Commented to Rossiyskaya Gazeta on the use of biofuels in aviation. Starting in 2027, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) will introduce mandatory measures to limit CO₂ emissions for international flights. Airlines will be required to offset emissions exceeding 85% of 2019 levels by using carbon credits or sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). This could lead to an increase in the cost of international flights, estimated at 9% by 2030 and 21% by 2035. For Russian airlines, additional...

Retail investors are pouring money into stocks en masse, setting a new all-time record for investments. Capital inflows into the tech sector reached $6.5 billion in a week, while total inflows into stocks amounted to $25 billion. Why are investors buying up assets so actively, what risks does this pose for the market, and what should be done in this situation? Retail investors are investing in stocks at record levels: Why is this happening and what are the risks? Retail investors have set a new...

... products was 948 kopecks per 10 ton-kilometers, compared to 281 kopecks for coal. Eliminating indirect subsidies for the coal industry could help lower costs for oil companies. These measures highlight the complex interplay of market forces, regulatory policies, and seasonal dynamics shaping Russia's fuel market. Translated using ChatGPT Sourse: https://rg.ru/2024/08/05/litr-ne-tronut.html