... although it began from a low base. The first mutual funds appeared in the late 1990s and for a long time did not gain substantial public trust. However, in recent years, an increasing number of Russians are considering investment funds as an alternative to bank deposits, especially given limited access to foreign markets in recent times. In 2024, the industry experienced a notable uplift. The regulator issued a record number of new licenses to management companies, and the total number of management firms exceeded ...

... New bonds are being actively issued by corporate borrowers and Russian financial institutions as well. The yield on these securities has exceeded 10% per annum, which is a commendable figure. This rate is significantly higher than that of traditional bank deposits. It is worth noting that the coupon income from bonds is exempt from personal income tax. Thus, investors do not incur additional expenses. Promising Directions Nevertheless, stocks of large companies remain attractive in the eyes of investors,...

... the disclosed information. Selection of underwriters and advisors. As in IPOs, the company may hire underwriters - investment banks that help organize the offering. Underwriters may guarantee the repurchase of part or all of the offering at a pre-agreed ... ... subscription day or during a trading period on the exchange. In Russia, a special escrow account is used for some procedures: investors deposit money into it before the official trading starts, and then shares are allocated based on the outcome of the offering. ...

... without critical consequences. Make sure that you have a “safety cushion” and a diversified portfolio of more reliable assets (deposits, bonds, real estate, etc.) before allocating part of your capital to startups. Define your goals: do you want to increase ... ... funds. Large companies are increasingly interacting with startups. Many launch their own acceleration programs: for example, banks, telecom operators, oil and gas and IT companies hold competitions and intensive courses for startups, following which they ...

... exchanges, it will be necessary to sign a contract with a foreign brokerage firm. It is important to understand that this requires depositing a significantly larger amount. Furthermore, due to the political situation and other factors, many foreign companies ... ... brokerage firm, the investor will incur several costs. In addition to the cost of the securities, they may also be subject to: bank fees for transferring funds; brokerage fees for executing the transaction or purchasing each security; fees for inactivity ...