... Tightening of monetary policy (MP) The 21% rate set by the CBR has become a record high in recent years and reflects aggressive measures to curb inflation. With high interest rates, it becomes more expensive for businesses to borrow for expansion, and consumer demand is restrained due to more expensive loans. Such a policy is aimed at stabilizing inflation, but in the short term it creates pressure on economic growth. Impact of inflation on consumption and investment In the context of high inflation and rising ...

... where debt drives further costs. COVID-19 Pandemic Response The pandemic had a profound impact on the global economy, prompting the U.S. government to implement extensive support measures, including: Direct Payments: Stimulus checks helped stabilize consumer demand during economic shutdowns. Small Business Loans and Subsidies: Targeted support for small and medium-sized businesses helped prevent closures but expanded the deficit. Enhanced Unemployment Benefits: Increased payouts for unemployed citizens were ...

... its recent gains on the back of the upbeat ISM data, as investors took comfort in evidence that the US market can continue expanding without veering into recession territory. A pickup in new orders and a stabilisation in employment fuelled hopes that consumer demand and corporate earnings in service industries will remain robust. However, the report also sounded a note of caution: a sharp increase in prices paid by service providers underscored that inflation pressures remain alive. This aspect of the report ...

... there were risks of a downturn in several sectors. The decision to ease policy coincided with the consensus forecast of analysts and business demands. High interest rates had raised concerns among entrepreneurs, as expensive loans stifled investment and consumer demand. The business community and even some government officials had previously publicly called for a more decisive rate reduction, fearing a recession. However, the regulator chose a cautious approach, limiting the move to 2 percentage points and attempting ...

... imports various chemicals and nuclear materials. Against this backdrop, the Indian side points to “double standards” — demands to cease cooperation with Moscow come from those profiting from trade with Russia. The Indian government stated that it ... ... for doing so. New Delhi reminded that the goal of these purchases is to ensure stable and affordable energy prices for Indian consumers, a priority for one of the largest economies in the world. Analysts estimate that India may resort to retaliatory measures ...