... commencing a planned increase in oil production to avoid supply shortages, while the U.S. Federal Reserve's decision to keep interest rates unchanged signals stability in macroeconomic conditions and supports investor optimism. In Russia, an export ban on gasoline ... ... as of August 1, 2025. Oil Market: Brent Remains Above $72, Demand and Risks Support Prices Oil prices are holding at recent highs, with North Sea Brent trading around a multi-week peak, exceeding the psychologically important level of $72 per barrel....

... modern networks (broadband internet, 5G, data centers) is essential. The U.S., Europe, and China have well-developed internet infrastructure, enabling seamless scaling of digital services. South Korea is renowned for having the fastest internet and a high smartphone penetration rate—no wonder unicorns in online gaming and content emerge there. Governments that invest in digital infrastructure create a stronghold for startups (for instance, Ireland has attracted data centers and IT giants with low taxes and a solid network ...

..., November 13, 2024: Key Economic Events for Investors 1. European Market Events United Kingdom Consumer Price Index (CPI, October) — Published at 07:00 GMT The UK’s CPI provides crucial data on inflationary pressures within the British economy. High inflation may increase expectations for a rate hike by the Bank of England, supporting the pound and potentially pressuring UK equities sensitive to interest rates. Producer Price Index (PPI, October) — Published at 07:00 GMT The PPI measures inflation at the wholesale level. A higher-than-expected ...

... participation of Russian investors. Macroeconomic Factors The state of the economy and politics directly impacts the M&A market. In recent years, GDP growth has slowed, and inflation remains above the target level, forcing the Central Bank to maintain high key rates. Expensive ruble-denominated debt diminishes the investment appeal of projects: high borrowing costs reduce transaction profitability. At the same time, currency restrictions and difficulties in repatriating profits continue to undermine market ...

... –283 billion rubles in H1 2025 compared to –623 billion rubles a year earlier. This indicates that the influence of non-core factors on financial results is still negative, but with less intensity by half. The volatility of this category remains high—changes in exchange rates or interest rates can noticeably affect Gazprom's financial results under RAS regardless of operating profit. For investors from the CIS, it is crucial to understand that such exchange rate and one-off items are largely paper-based: they reflect ...