... prudent allocation of funds over a mid-term period (1–3 years) helps preserve and increase capital. This article examines legal investment instruments in the ruble zone and abroad available to Russian investors with holding periods of up to three years. ... ... their yields, risks, liquidity, and taxation features, and provide examples of diversified portfolios totaling 1 million ₽. Bank Deposits and Accounts Yield. Ruble deposits remain one of the conservative instruments: major banks offer rates around 16–24% ...

... functions: Medium of exchange and payment. Thousands of vendors worldwide already accept Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other coins as payment. Cryptocurrencies can be used to pay for goods and services, especially in international transactions, bypassing expensive bank transfers. Although price volatility hinders widespread adoption as everyday money, it remains a convenient tool in certain niches. Means of savings and investment. Many view cryptocurrencies as a new asset class to diversify their portfolios. For example, Bitcoin is sometimes called "digital gold" due to its limited supply and increasing long-term value. Investments in cryptocurrencies attract ...

... assets. Both institutional and retail investors should blend optimism with caution, recognizing that even as Bitcoin becomes part of the mainstream, it is not insulated from external market shocks. Long-term Perspectives The entry of major Wall Street banks into the Bitcoin ETF market may signify a new chapter in Bitcoin's evolution as a mass investment asset. In the long term, the convergence of traditional finance and the crypto industry should solidify BTC's status as a vital component of diversified portfolios. As a developed infrastructure for ETFs takes shape and reputable institutions ...

... national companies, increasing the risks in their investment portfolios in the event of internal economic instability. How Will This Affect the Russian Stock Market? Reduction of Capital Outflow Abroad By limiting access to foreign assets, the Central Bank creates conditions for capital to remain within the country, thereby supporting Russian companies and the national economy. In times when many investors preferred to diversify their investments through foreign securities, this could lead to increased investments in domestic assets. Increased Activity in the Russian Stock Market The rise in demand for Russian securities may lead to heightened trading activity in the domestic stock ...

... slowing global economic growth. Mixed macroeconomic statistics from the US and cooling in China lead to forecasts of only moderate increases in raw material demand in the second half of the year. Many analysts remain cautious: estimates from several investment banks suggest Brent may end the year around $60 per barrel if the risks of weak demand re-emerge. Thus, oil prices are currently balancing between supporting factors (OPEC+ supply cuts and export limitations from some countries) and pressure factors (economic ...