... Imports A decrease in Russian gas supplies to Europe remains a major issue in the EU’s energy policy. At the end of 2024, a five-year agreement on Russian gas transit through Ukraine is set to expire. With Ukrainian authorities indicating reluctance to renew the agreement, the risk of halting the remaining transit supplies through Ukraine is real. This could significantly impact countries like Austria and Hungary, which are heavily dependent on this route. 2. Volatility in Global Energy Markets Global ...

... Greenland is rich in natural resources, including 43 out of 50 elements that the United States considers strategically important. Among these are rare earth metals, critically essential for the production of high-tech devices, military equipment, and renewable energy sources. Today, around 90% of the global market for rare earth metals is controlled by China, which poses significant risks for the United States. The estimated oil reserves off the coast of Greenland amount to 52 billion barrels, equivalent ...

... Oil Market, the EU lacks any tools to compel private companies to source gas from specific suppliers. With the growth in demand in Europe unlikely, particularly due to the development of low-carbon energy, the share of nuclear power plants (NPP) and renewable energy sources (RES) in the EU electricity generation structure increased from 51% in 2010 to 71% in 2024. This share is expected to continue growing regardless of the availability of fossil fuels, he noted. All these tariff wars and agreements ...

... Efficiency: Rosseti invests in environmental initiatives aimed at reducing carbon footprints, including the construction of substations with minimal energy consumption and emissions reductions. For example, "green" substations powered by renewable energy sources are being utilized. Attention is also paid to the implementation of energy-saving technologies, which decrease company expenses and positively impact the environmental situation. Impact on Russia: These investments contribute ...

... tons, or 11%. Russian airlines will need to offset approximately 750,000 tons of CO2 emissions. Compensation methods include purchasing carbon units under CORSIA or using sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), which is derived from biomass, waste, and renewable energy sources. Currently, SAF is produced by only a few certified Western companies. Either option will increase the cost of international air travel. Okhapkin estimates that ticket prices could rise by 9% by 2030 and by 21% by 2035. For ...