... have evolved from a niche hobby for enthusiasts to a recognized asset class attracting the attention of major investors and corporations. By 2025, the total market capitalization of cryptocurrencies is measured in trillions of dollars, comparable to ... ... Satoshi Nakamoto. In his white paper, Nakamoto outlined the idea of decentralized electronic cash, independent of banks and governments. The emergence of Bitcoin was a response to the global financial crisis of 2008 and the resulting loss of trust in ...

... it is advisable to consider the following types of bonds: Government bonds. Government bonds, especially from high credit-rating countries, are considered the safest assets. During a crisis, their demand typically increases, leading to lower yields. Corporate bonds. While they offer higher yields compared to government bonds, they also come with higher risks. When selecting corporate bonds, it's important to consider the issuer's credit rating. Floating-rate bonds. These may be appealing in a rising interest rate environment, as their yields will increase ...

... process. The main steps in preparing a company for an initial offering include: Preliminary preparation. Management makes the decision to go public and conducts a thorough audit of the business: analyzing financial performance, asset structure, and corporate governance. The company transitions to international reporting standards (IFRS or GAAP) and optimizes business processes to be comprehensible to investors. During this stage, a growth strategy and financial model are formulated to assess future profitability....

... memory and logic chip manufacturers in the second half of the year (for example, due to global construction of new factories and government support programs for the industry), the stock may gain upward momentum along with the entire sector. Conversely, any ... ... mega-cap entity whose results influence the entire S&P 500 index. Microsoft is important for several reasons: it reflects trends in corporate IT spending (through Azure and software) and serves as a key driver of the AI theme. Any surprises – positive or negative ...

... due to its guarantee of tax protection on income upon fulfilling contract terms. Example Portfolio Distribution To illustrate, here is a sample diversified portfolio for 1 million rubles focusing on capital growth (horizon 10+ years): 30% – OFZ and government bonds. Provide reliable coupon income (approximately 15% per annum) with low risk. 30% – Corporate bonds from large issuers. Yield higher income (for example, 15–20%) and balance risk through creditworthy companies. 25% – Stocks. Funds are allocated between domestic "blue chips" (Sberbank, Norilsk Nickel, Yandex, etc.) and foreign ...